Any Windows version that supports Active Directory, and of course, an Active Directory. Because of the huge impact ADSI script may have, use a test domain or forest to prevent disasters.
Interpreter:
ADSI is not limited to a single language or interpreter, but can be used in several languages.
Client software:
The ADSI client software is installed by default on "domain members" with Windows ME/2000 and later versions.
For Windows 95/98/NT 4 install the Active Directory Extension for Windows NT 4.0 (yes, this is also suited for Windows 95/98).
Development software:
As far as I know, there no longer are any ADSI query generators available, since Microsoft discontinued its ADSI Scriptomatic.
My own ADSITest HTA can assist you in testing and debugging your ADSI queries.